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ABC.HLP
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Text File
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1990-01-05
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21KB
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465 lines
SUMMARY OF SPECIAL ACTIONS
:name Visit how-to called 'name'
: Visit last how-to refered to
:: Display headings of how-to's in this workspace
=name Visit contents of location
= Visit last location visited
== Display names of permament locations in this workspace
>name Visit workspace 'name'
> Visit last workspace visited
>> Display list of workspace names
QUIT Leave ABC
SUMMARY OF EDITING OPERATIONS
Name Default Keys* Short description
Accept [TAB] Accept suggestion, focus to hole or end of line
Return [RETURN] Add line or decrease indentation
Widen f1, [ESC] w Widen focus
Extend f2, [ESC] e Extend focus (usually to the right)
First f3, [ESC] f Move focus to first contained item
Last f4, [ESC] l Move focus to last contained item
Previous f5, [ESC] p Move focus to previous item
Next f6, [ESC] n Move focus to next item
Upline f7, [ESC] u Move focus to whole line above
Downline f8, [ESC] d Move focus to whole line below
Up ^, [ESC] U Make new hole, move up
Down v, [ESC] D Make new hole, move down
Left <-, [ESC] , Make new hole, move left
Right ->, [ESC] . Make new hole, move right
Goto [ctrl-G], mouseclick New focus at cursor position
Undo [BACKSPACE] Undo effect of last key pressed (may be repeated)
Redo [ctrl-U] Redo last UNDOne key (may be repeated)
Copy f9, [ctrl-C], [ESC]c Copy buffer to hole, or focus to buffer
Delete [ctrl-D] Delete contents of focus (to buffer if empty)
Record [ctrl-R] Start/stop recording keystrokes
Play [ctrl-P] Play back recorded keystrokes
Look [ctrl-L] Redisplay screen
Help f10, [ESC]? Print summary of editing operations
Exit [ctrl-X] Finish changes or execute command
Interrupt (as set by 'stty')Interrupt command execution
Suspend (as set by 'stty') Suspend ABC (only for shell with job control)
* Notes:
[Ctrl-D] means: hold the [CTRL] (or [CONTROL]) key down while pressing d.
[ESC] w means: press the [ESC] key first, then w.
ABC QUICK REFERENCE
COMMANDS
WRITE expr Write to screen;
/ before or after expr gives new line
READ address EG expr Read expression from terminal to address;
expr is example
READ address RAW Read line of text
PUT expr IN address Put value of expr in address
SET RANDOM expr Start random sequence for random and choice
REMOVE expr FROM list Remove one element from list
INSERT expr IN list Insert in right place
DELETE address Delete permanent location or table entry
PASS Do nothing
KEYWORD expr KEYWORD ... Execute user-defined command
KEYWORD Execute refined command
CHECK test Check test and stop if it fails
IF test: If test succeeds, execute commands;
commands no ELSE allowed
SELECT: Select one alternative:
test: commands try each test in order
... (one must succeed;
test: commands the last test may be ELSE)
WHILE test: As long as test succeeds
commands execute commands
FOR name,... IN train: Take each element of train in turn
commands
HOW-TO's
HOW TO KEYWORD ...: Define new command KEYWORD ...
commands
HOW TO RETURN f: Define new function f with no arguments
commands (returns a value)
HOW TO RETURN f x: Define new function f with one argument
commands
HOW TO RETURN x f y: Define new function f with two arguments
commands
HOW TO REPORT pr: Define new predicate pr with no arguments
commands (succeeds/fails)
HOW TO REPORT pr x: Define new predicate pr with one argument
commands
HOW TO REPORT x pr y: Define new predicate pr with two arguments
commands
SHARE name,... Share permanent locations
(before commands of how-to)
Refinements (after the commands of a how-to)
KEYWORD : commands Define command refinement
name: commands Define expression- or test-refinement
Terminating commands
QUIT Leave command how-to or command refinement,
or leave ABC
RETURN expr Leave function how-to or expression refinement,
return value of expr
REPORT test Leave predicate how-to or test-refinement,
report outcome of test
SUCCEED The same, report success
FAIL The same, report failure
EXPRESSIONS AND ADDRESSES
666, 3.14, 3.14e-9 Exact constants
expr,expr,... Compound
name,name,... Naming (may also be used as address)
text@p "ABCD"@2 = "BCD" (also address)
text|q "ABCD"|3 = "ABC" (also address)
text@p|q "ABCD"@2|1 = "BCD"|1 = "B"
table[expr] Table selection (also address)
"Jan", 'Feb', 'Won''t!' Textual displays (empty: "" or '')
"value = `expr`;" Conversion of expr to text
{1; 2; 2; ...} List display (empty: {})
{1..9; ...}, {"a".."z"; ...} List of consecutive values
{["Jan"]: 1; ["Feb"]: 2; ...} Table display (empty: {})
f, f x, x f y Result of function f (no permanent effects)
name Result of refinement (no permanent effects)
TESTS
x < y, x <= y, x >= y, x > y Order tests
x = y, x <> y (<> means 'not equals')
0 <= d < 10
pr, pr x, x pr y Outcome of predicate pr (no permanent effects)
name Outcome of refinement (no permanent effects)
test AND test AND ... Fails as soon as one of the tests fails
test OR test OR ... Succeeds as soon as one of the tests succeeds
NOT test
SOME name,... IN train HAS test
Sets name, ... on success
EACH name,... IN train HAS test
Sets name, ... on failure
NO name,... IN train HAS test
Sets name, ... on failure
PREDEFINED FUNCTIONS AND PREDICATES
Functions and predicates on numbers
~x Approximate value of x
exactly x Exact value of x
exact x Test if x is exact
+x, x+y, x-y, -x, x*y, x/y Plain arithmetic
x**y x raised to the power y
root x, n root x Square root, n-th root
abs x, sign x Absolute value, sign (= -1, 0, or +1)
round x, floor x, ceiling x Rounded to whole number
n round x x rounded to n digits after decimal point
a mod n Remainder of a on division by n
*/x Numerator of exact number x
/*x Denominator
random Random approximate number r, 0 <= r < 1
e, exp x Base of natural logarithm, exponential function
log x, b log x Natural logarithm, logarithm to the base b
pi, sin x, cos x, tan x, arctan x
Trigonometric functions, with x in radians
angle (x, y), radius (x, y) Angle of and radius to point (x, y)
c